What are Cannabinoids?
CANNABINOIDS ARE BIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES FOUND IN THE MEDICINAL CROP CANNABIS SATIVA. CANNABIS GRASS CONTAINS APPROXIMATELY 104 DIFFERENT CANNABINOIDS. THE MAJOR CANNABINOIDS INCLUDE THC (TETRAHYDROCANNABINOL) AND CBD (CANNABIDIOL).
Cannabinoids are extracted from plants, including cannabis grass, as well as synthetic and endogenous cannabinoids produced by the human body. Phytocannabinoids are naturally present in cannabis plants, while synthetic and endogenous cannabinoids are synthesized artificially or produced by the human body.
For more information about cannabinoids, see Cannabinoid Types and Properties.
Cannabinoid Types and Properties
There are many different types of cannabinoids. Cannabinoids extracted from cannabis have received particular attention. A variety of cannabinoid components can be obtained from cannabis, of which the following five are known as the major components.
The first is THC (delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol); THC is the primary active ingredient in cannabis and is responsible for its taste effects and psychoactive effects.
THE SECOND IS CBD (CANNABIDIOL), WHICH, UNLIKE THC, HAS NO PSYCHOACTIVE EFFECTS AND IS EXPECTED TO HAVE A VARIETY OF BENEFITS. RECENTLY, PRODUCTS CONTAINING CBD HAVE BEEN INCREASINGLY MARKETED AND USED FOR A VARIETY OF PURPOSES.
THE THIRD IS CBG (CANNABIGEROL), A CANNABINOID SYNTHESIZED IN THE EARLY STAGES OF CANNABIS AND KNOWN TO BE A PRECURSOR TO OTHER CANNABINOIDS.
THE FOURTH IS CBN (CANNABINOL), A COMPONENT PRODUCED AS THE FRESHNESS OF CANNABIS DETERIORATES, WHICH IS BELIEVED TO IMPROVE SLEEP AND MUSCLE RELAXATION.
FINALLY, THE FIFTH IS CBDV (CANNABIDIVARIN), WHICH IS STRUCTURALLY SIMILAR TO CBD AND HAS BEEN SHOWN TO BE EFFECTIVE IN THE TREATMENT OF EPILEPSY AND NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS.
These cannabinoid components are obtained by extraction from the cannabis plant. Each component has different properties and effects that are being studied. In recent years, research on cannabis and its cannabinoid components has increased, and it is hoped that more will be learned about their effects and range of applications.
These are the main types and properties of cannabinoids.
Cannabinoids in relation to cannabis
Cannabis and cannabinoids are closely related. There are effects of the cannabis plant itself and those produced by human intervention.
The effects of cannabis grass are primarily caused by the cannabinoid component derived from cannabis. The trichomes (hair-like projections) covering the surface of the cannabis plant produce cannabinoids, which give rise to the unique effects of cannabis.
During the process of human processing of cannabis weed, a variety of additional effects are produced. For example, the simple drying of cannabis grass can produce cannabinoids that are different from the original constituents of cannabis grass.
Thus, cannabis and cannabinoids are closely related, and the cannabinoids in cannabis are responsible for its effects.
This is a detailed explanation of the relationship between cannabis and cannabinoids.
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